Valveless pneumatic tool.



J. F. CLEMENT.

VALVELESS PNEUMATIC TOOL APPLICATION FILED OCT. 27. 1905.

928,181. Patentd July 13, 1909.

Fwy 2. 182112 6 8 2? 1 26 uuenfor Witwzoow UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN F. CLEMENT, or PHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA.'

VALVELESS PNEUMATIC TOOL.

, ployed.

it further consists of novel features of construction, all as will behereinafter fully set forth. A

Figure 1. represents a longitudinal sec tional view oi a pneumatic toolembbdying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal sectional viewsimilar toFig. 1 but showing the hammering piston in a differentrelation to the parts. Fig. 3 represents a sect1onal view of a portionof my invention showing the exhaust orts.

responding parts in the figures.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a pneumatic tool consisting of acasing 2 Similar numerals 0 reference indicate cor-' l stantially thesame diameter are adapted to having a nose 3 within which is fitted thechisel bushing 4 ada ted to receive the shank 5 of the chisel. A sioulder 6 on the casing 2 serves as an abutment for an outersleeve orcylinder 7, said casing being reduced and the sleeve 7 having preferablya driving fit with the same.

8 designates an inlet piece having threaded engagement with the end ofthe casing 2 and provided. with a shoulder 9, which latter forms a tightjoint between the inlet piece 8 and the end of the sleeve 7 and easing2. The inlet piece 8 is threaded at 10 adapting the same to be readilyconnected with the motive fluid supply. The internal bore of thecasing'has the difierent diameters 11, 12 u and 13.

14 designates a piston adapted to reciprocate within the casing andconsisting of the head 15 from which extends the projection or head 16and neck 17 connecting the latter with the head 18, to which is joinedthe neck 19, which terminates in the narrow head 20 and striker 21.

22 designates an exhaust passage open at Specification ofLetters Patent.

Original application filed January 24, 1905, Serial No. 242,523.

Serial No. 284,658.

Patented July 13, 1909.

Divided and this application filed October 27; 1905.

one end to the atmosphere and having ports 23 and 24 opening into thecasing 2.

The operation is as follows :-Tlie piston being in the position seen inFig. 1, the motive fluid enters at 10 passes through the port 25, intothepassage 26- and the port 27 being closed by the head 18, the motivefluid will pass through the port 28 around the neck 19 of the pistonthrough the port 29, passage 30 and port 31 to the rear of the pistonand acting on the enlarged head 15 will drive the piston forwardly or totheleft, to the position seen in Fig. 2, the motive fluid in front Y ofthe area 15 exhausting at the same time through the port 23 and passage22 into the atmosphere. The parts being now-in the u position seen inFig. 2, the port 28 iselosedby the head 18 and the motive fluid willpass through the port 27, around the neck 17 of the piston and acting onthe head 15 will drive the piston 14 rearwardly oito the right, the airin the rear of the head.15 exhausting at the same time through the port24 andpassage 22. within the bore 11 and the different areas of thepiston 16, 18 and 20 which have sub- It will be apparent that thecylinder and outer casing may be made integral without departing fromthe spirit of my invention and that I may also if desired make shghtchanges in the location and arrangement of the ports and passages and inthe proportion of the different heads and necks oi' the differentialpiston employed and still be within the scope of my invention.

It 'Wlll be seen that the motive fluid employed to drive the pistonforwardly always passes around the neck 19 of the piston, that themotive fluid which returnsthe piston always passes around the neck 17and The head 15 is always contained 1 also that in each case the motivefluid acts 011 the differential areas of the piston.

I desire to call especial attention to the function of the two reeks 17and 19 whereby I differentiate the present invention from fluid to thelarger of r the piston to drive th prior devices in which only one neckis employed to control the admission of motive uid to drive the pistonboth rearwardly and; forwardly. .In my resent construction the neck 19controls t e admission of motive the differential areas of e pistonforwardly and the neck 17 controls the admission of motive fluid to thesmaller diflerential area to drive 7 the piston rearwardly. It will beevident limited in every instance to the exact construc'tion hereinshown and described,

Having thus-described my invention, What I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is 4 1. In a pneumatic tool, acasing, adifferential piston therein comprising an enlargedhead havingdifferential areas and a striker, means on the piston near the strikingend for controlling the admission of to the on the controlling theadmission of motive fluid to the smaller of said areas, and portsandpassages for conducting motive fluid.- to said areas and exhausting thesame therefrom.

greater ofsaid areas, separate means 2. In a pneumatic tool, a casing-adiffercomprising a body proential piston therein vided withdiflerential'areas, a lurality of smaller heads, a plurality of necconnect-' ing said heads and a striker extendingfrom the last head, theneck nearest" to said striker controlling admission of motive fluid Ieasier to operate and less fa-' plurality of, motive fluid;

piston near said enlargedjhead' for.

cured-,1 on said inner 0818111 to the rear of said piston and the necknearest to said body controlling admission of motivefluid to the smallerarea ofsaid body.

3. In a pneumatic tool, a casing, an unapertured differential pistontherein com prising an enlarged head having differential .areas and astriker, means on the piston near the striking end for controlling theadmission of motive fluid to the greater ,ofjsaid areas, separatemeans-on-v the. iston near said enlarged head for controllm theadmission of motive fluid to'the sma er of said areas, and ports andpassages for conducting motive fluid to said same therefrom. 4. In apneumatic tool, a casing, a differareas and exhausting the entialIpiston therein comprising an enlarged 4 head M ving differentialpressure areas, a smaller, head adapted to prevent admission ofmotivefluid to either of said pressure areas, a neck'formed at ,the saidsmaller headfor controlling admission of motive fluid to 'ad'vancethepiston, a neck forward end of formed at the rear end of said smallerhead for 'controlliugadmission ofmotive fluid to return the piston, andexhaust ports and passagescontrolled by said enlarged head.

' 5. In-a neurnati'e'atool, an inner casing, a

' differenti'a fistentherein' having a body provided with diflerential'areas and having a striker, the neck farthest from said bodycontrolling admissionof motive fluid to' t'he rear of said iston, theneck nearest tosaid'body control ng'admission of ,niotive fluid to thesmaller areaof said body, an outer casing sean inlet piece havingthreadedengagement with said inner casing' and a flange onsaid inletQpece'en gaging said'oas'inga 4 .o I JOHNl Z OLEMENT/ Witnesses:-

Y H. SJFAIRBANKS, J. O. MoGLAsHEN.

smaller heads, a plurality of, necks connected with said heads and a

